After Going To The Tradeport Website, I Have Decided To Do My Paper On

In the wake of setting off to the Tradeport site, I have chosen to do my paper on a US national government organization. I investigated a couple of the organizations and chose to pick the US Trade and Development Agency. The US Trade and Development Agency (TDA) is a little free organization. It is contained around forty-one individuals. The executive is Mr. J. Joseph Grandmaison, who was assigned by President Bill Clinton. The TDA with the assistance of the Trade Promotion Coordinating Committee works with the Department of Commerce, the Export-Import Bank, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation, and different organizations to propel American business enthusiasm for different nations. They are principally associated with the agribusiness, vitality, condition, human services, data innovation assembling, mining and mineral turn of events, broadcast communications, transportation, and water assets territories. This is the TDA Mission Statement: The U. S. Exchange and Development Agency aids the making of employments for Americans by aiding U.S. organizations seek after abroad business openings. Through the financing of practical examinations, direction visits, particular preparing awards, business workshops, and different types of specialized help, we empower American organizations to go after foundation and modern undertakings in center salary and creating nations (1). The TDA supports venture arranging exercises which legitimately impacts the choices identified with major modern activities. At the end of the day, these are ventures that speak to a huge number of dollars in US send out potential. TDA attempts to guarantee that the administrations and items required for undertakings will be stepped ?Made in the USA' (How TDA Operates 1). A case of a portion of the merchandise and ventures are radar for air terminals in Asia and procedure controls for treatment facilities in Latin America. The TDA is dynamic in more than forty nations all through the world. Once in a while, be that as it may, legal, and strategy limitations either forestall or limit the accessibility of TDA programs in specific nations. All exercises of the TDA are done by US firms. The TDA takes a gander at numerous things before choosing to execute a venture. The gander at qualification of the nation, the ecological effect, impact on US occupations, need to work with other exchange advancement offices, the relationship with financing organizations, cost sharing and achievement charges, attainable examinations, and definitional missions and work area considers. Definitional Studies are groups of specialized authorities contracted to visit a host nation for a brief timeframe. These groups accumulate any extra data required for the task. A Desk Study likewise includes gathering data for the undertaking, however there is no compelling reason to go abroad. TDA likewise supports gatherings and converse exchange missions called direction visits. Both of propositions exercises acquaint remote chiefs with American-made items and administrations, construct business connections, and urge US organizations to fare to creating and center salary nations (How TDA Works 2). Additionally in specific areas, the TDA gives exchange related preparing, which give the way to have nation venture staff to get specialized and administrative help. There are no application charges for TDA administrations. In any case, in most practical examination awards, TDA necessitates that the organization share the expense. On the off chance that the task is actualized, at that point TDA requires repayment for a lot of the examination cost. Because of its engaged strategic, just considers extends that can possibly develop into huge business open doors for US organizations (TDA Questions and Answers 1). For undertakings to be thought of, they should: 1) Face solid rivalry from remote organizations 2) Be an advancement need of the nation where the venture will be found 3) have the support of the US Embassy around there 4) Represent an open door for deals of US merchandise or administrations 5) probably get usage financing, and have an obtainment procedure open to US firms (Questions and Answers 1). To get TDA financing one must do a couple of things. As a matter of first importance, venture must meet the above necessities. Next one have to get ready documentation and research that obviously shows how the task meets the above prerequisites. The data ought to incorporate a one to two page synopsis. Make certain to incorporate data about your organization, its assets, capacities, and the faculty. One ought to likewise get a duplicate of TDA's Possible Study Model Format, which one can get from the site. Adhere to the directions cautiously and fill in the suitable data. After this is done, contact the TDA Country Manager who is answerable for

Compare and contrast two approaches to the study of prejudice Essay Example

Look into two ways to deal with the investigation of preference Essay Example Look into two ways to deal with the investigation of preference Paper Look into two ways to deal with the investigation of preference Paper Partiality in the public arena today is by all accounts unavoidable. It shows up on the news, is depicted in film and apparent in the history books. Bias can be characterized as a negative disposition toward a specific social gathering and every one of its individuals. A preference mentality includes making prejudgements about an individual of a gathering and applying nonexclusive characteristics (Hogg Vaughan, 2004). Allport (1945b) recommends that bias comprises of three segments. Right off the bat a psychological conviction about the gathering, also a solid inclination must be obvious about the gathering and characteristics they have and finally the goal to act with a specific goal in mind towards the gathering (refered to in Hogg Vaughan, 2004). Preference is an issue is society as it can prompt segregation toward individuals from a specific gathering. In the most outrageous cases decimation is a definitive articulation of bias toward a gathering. The most conspicuous case of this is the counter Semitic activities of Germany in the Second World War. The monstrosities that occurred on account of the German armed force were high in people groups brains and analysts there after started looking into the causes of partiality and methods of decreasing preference. Two methodologies that have now become generally recognized are those of individual contrasts bringing about preference and between bunch hypotheses of bias. Singular contrasts as a reason for preference is worried about why a few people are more bias than others, and whether it is a result of a character attribute that causes these perspectives (Crisp Turner, 2007). A dictator character was on idea that was proposed by Adorno, Frenkel-Brunswik, Levinson and Sanford (1950) in the wake of the holocaust (refered to in Hogg Vaughan, 2004). They accepted that just those with a character deformity could be bias, these individuals were preference toward one specific social gathering as well as all minority gatherings. The tyrant character is characterized by specific attributes. For example, requirement for request, high regard for power, uprooting of outrage onto more vulnerable people and a fixation on status. Thought these inclinations originally created in youth with disarray over extreme brutal order from the parent (refered to in Hogg Vaughan, 2004). The kid adores and abhors their parent and this contention cause pressure which is then diverted toward more fragile people around them while glorifying the individuals who speak to the force and authority of their parent (Hogg Vaughan, 2004). In any case, there are sure limitations while considering character clarifications of partiality. The primary concern being that only one out of every odd kid raised with extreme, brutal order at that point becomes preference. This might be because of the people capacity to control and manage their bias. In particular, in the public eye today libertarian esteems are underscored and expected, so if an individual feels they have acted such that showcases preference then they may feel regretful. The individual has seen a distinction in the manner they acted to their qualities causing the blame; this blame can be the inspiration an individual needs to change their conduct and at last their preference demeanor. This hypothesis how there can be a variety in the measure of partiality that individuals show however not the thinking behind why people need to wipe out preference. When all is said in done one of the issues of individual contrasts as a reason for partiality is that is doesn't make a difference effectively to enormous gatherings of individuals who are preference. For example it is possible however impossible that each individual who is preference had a cruel disciplinary childhood that outcomes in a dictator character (Hogg Vaughan, 2004). There is a need of a social mindset to bring about huge scope preference, for example, the politically-sanctioned racial segregation in South Africa somewhere in the range of 1948 and 1994. Between bunch speculations can address this issue. Between bunch hypotheses include the sorting of individuals into particular gatherings. Basically these gatherings are either in-gatherings, those which we have a place with or out-gatherings, a gathering which we are not an individual from (Crisp Turner, 2007). Sherif, White and Harvey (1955) found that when individuals are separated into bunches it made a domain in which bunch examination and the craving to participate in rivalry was promptly clear. Soon after the underlying division a social personality creates and the presentation of rivalry caused elevated unfriendly conduct (refered to in Crisp Turner, 2007). Sherifs (1955) discoveries bolster the hypothesis of sensible gathering struggle hypothesis. This hypothesis proposes that bias is the aftereffect of rivalry for important assets (Crisp Turner, 2007). For example sexism in the work spot could be a case of reasonable gathering struggle hypothesis in view of the opposition for the occupations and interior advancement. Managers are bound to show partiality for their own gatherings and criticism of the out gatherings so as to make sure about their own prospects. Anyway Tajfel, Billig, Bundy, Flament (1971) found that just isolating individuals into bunches caused preference and rivalry was redundant. At the point when members were isolated into bunches dependent on the kind of theoretical painter they favored they assigned those not in their gathering lower focuses, along these lines showing between bunch predisposition. This exhibits the negligible condition for bias to happen; in light of the fact that when we realize that somebody is in an alternate gathering to us we are probably going to separate on that premise. This might be because of the way that when others are in a similar gathering as us we consider them like ourselves and those in the out-bunches are diverse to us (Crisp Turner, 2007). Tajfel and Turner (1979) contrived the hypothesis of social recognizable proof. They expected that individuals needed positive confidence and one supporter of confidence is the gatherings which we have a place with. Accordingly, if the gatherings we have a place with have a high status and are emphatically seen then this lift our confidence in light of the fact that as we are individuals from that bunch we ought to be seen similarly. Along these lines it benefits our confidence to improve the positive picture of the gathering contrasted with the out-gatherings thus this is another way that preference could create. Self arrangement hypothesis (Turner, Hogg, Oakes,Reicher Wetherell, 1987) depends on social recognizable proof however stresses the subjective approaches(cited in Crisp Turner, 2007). The distinguishing proof with a gathering makes one depersonalize oneself so as to fit in with bunch standards thus become self-classified (Crisp Turner). Along these lines, in the event that the gathering standard is one which permits partiality, at that point people will likewise show this quality. One analysis of Tajfel (1971) was that the conditions were not insignificant and there was some conviction similitude which could clarify the best treatment of the in bunch individuals (refered to in Crisp Turner,2007). The classifications the members were isolated into were apparently founded on the inclination of a painter thus maybe shared different angles for all intents and purpose. To amend this Tafjel duplicated the investigation with certain adjustments. The members realized that they were distributed to bunches on an absolutely arbitrary premise. All things considered, there was still between bunch predisposition. In any case, the discoveries were not as huge a number as in the past investigation. Between bunch speculations give a decent record of how the gatherings we have a place with impact our preference. Nonetheless, we should recollect that we have command over out contemplations and activities. Thus, we can decide not to fit in with bunch standards and furthermore not to communicate preference. Singular contrasts in partiality think about these viewpoints more. Partiality is a complex multi faceted idea with a wide range of contributing elements. The individual contrast approach thinks about how character influences people and the degree to which they express bias. Be that as it may, this methodology doesn't clarify huge scope partiality across societies and different gatherings. The between bunch speculations exhibit the arrangement of individuals into two fundamental gatherings, the in and out gatherings. These speculations give an increasingly acknowledged clarification of preference. Nonetheless, there are still weakness in these speculations. For instance the requirement for clarification with regards to why a few people are impervious to the social conditions that ought to apply bias. In this way, the derivation is that clarifications of partiality need to think about the two ways to deal with acquire the most instructive and adjusted end.

Business Model of Hilton Hotels

Business Model of Hilton Hotels © Shutterstock.com | happydancingAmong the top hotel chains in the world, Hilton Worldwide has a large number of hotel brands within its portfolio. In this article, we will look at 1) introduction to Hilton, 2) history, 3) business model, and 4) the USP of Hilton Hotels Resorts.INTRODUCTION TO HILTONHilton Hotels Corporation, now known as Hilton Worldwide, is a global hospitality business. The American company is now owned by the Blackstone Group, a multinational US private equity, investment banking, alternate asset management and financial services corporation. The company was created by Conrad Hilton in Cisco, Texas. The headquarters were in Beverly Hills, California from 1969 till 2009. After that, the headquarters moved to Fairfax County, Virginia.Until 2013, Hilton was ranked 38th in terms of size among privately held company by Forbes. In December 2013, the company returned to being a publicly held company in a second IPO worth an estimated $2.35 billion. As of 2014, the com pany has over 4000 hotels under all the Hilton brands. These have an estimated 680,117 rooms in 91 countries.There are several brands that operate under the Hilton brand portfolio. These are either owned, managed or franchised by the company. Some of the hotels under this portfolio include Waldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts, Conrad Hotels and Resorts, Hilton Hotels and Resorts, Embassy Suites, Hampton Inn and Hampton Inn and Suites, Doubletree by Hilton, Hilton Garden Inn, Home2 Suites, Homewood Suites, and Hilton Grand Vacations.Since 2005, the company is among the sponsors of the United States Olympic Team.HISTORYThe Early YearsThrough most of its history, the hotel chain was managed by Hilton family members since the company was created in 1919 by Conrad Hilton with the purchase of his first hotel. Hilton was born in New Mexico and was one of eight children. He worked as a trader, a clerk, a bellboy and a pianist all before he was 18. In another few years he did turns in politics and banking. When his father died in 1919, he left the army and went to Texas with the intention of buying a small bank to capitalize on the oil boom at the time. Finding banks too expensive and hotels overbooked, he made a deal with a property owner looking to sell. He managed to gather the necessary investment and The Mobley, Hilton’s first hotel, was born. Within a year, he bought two more properties in Texas and in 1925, the first hotel with the Hilton name was set up in Dallas.Hilton managed to survive the depression in the US with 5 out of his 8 hotels and went on to buy his first hotel outside of Texas. This was the Sir Francis Drake in San Francisco. He later sold this at a profit to raise money to purchase the Stevens in Chicago which was the largest hotel in the world at the time. Through World War 2, he continued his acquisitions in LA and New York and by 1942 had presence from coast to coast in the US. His goal at the time was New York’s Waldorf Astoria. He continue d to carry a photo of the hotel with him since the hotel opened in 1931. In 1946, he created the Hilton Hotels Corporation and became the first hotel company to list on the New Work Stock Exchange.By the 1940s, the company had expanded to a worldwide chain of premium hotels. Hilton pushed his board for international expansion and opened the first hotel in Puerto Rico. At the time, a wholly owned subsidiary was created, called Hilton Hotels International and the first European hotel opened in Madrid in 1953. Hilton also purchased the lease on the Waldorf Astoria in 1949, converting it into a profitable venture within a year. The expansion continued with the biggest hotel merger in the industry when Hilton purchased the Statler Hotel Company at the price of $111 million and with international hotels in Turkey and Mexico City.International Operations DivestmentDuring the 1960s, the company divested its international operations, creating a separately traded company called Hilton Interna tional Co. This spin-off was a publicly traded company with Conrad Hilton as its president. He also became chairman of the Hilton Hotels board at the time. This period was marked by change in leadership when Hilton’s son Barron became president of the company. On his persuasion, Hilton agreed to exchange his stake in Hilton International for shares of Trans World Airlines. This investment did not pay off as expected and claims over the Hilton name were lost internationally.In 1967, this new company was acquired by Trans World Corporation, a holding company for Trans World Airlines. This business was sold again in the eighties to UAL Corp, the holding company for United Airlines. This company made attempts to position itself as a holistic travel company that included the Westin Hotels and Hertz rental cars along with Hilton International and United Airlines. Corporate tussles led this business to be sold again soon after to a British leisure and gambling concern called the Ladbroke Group. By 1999, the company was renamed as Hilton Group plc.These separate evolutions of the domestic and international businesses meant that two simultaneous yet autonomous Hilton companies were operating in the world. Both companies were contractually forbidden to operate in each other’s territory under the same name. To manage this, hotels run globally by the American Hilton company were called Conrad Hotels while those run by the international company within the US were called Vista International Hotels. This was an understandably confusing situation for consumers so in 1997, the two companies developed a joint marketing agreement. The terms of this agreement allowed the two companies to share a logo, promote both brands and maintain a joint reservation system. Around the same time, the Vista Hotels were slowly closed and the Conrad converted into a Luxury brand under the Hilton umbrella with hotels operational in both the US and around the world.The Casino BusinessDuring the early seventies, the chain expanded into casino hotels in Las Vegas, Nevada and by the late eighties this area was bringing in close to 44 percent of the company’s total income. Barron Hilton worked the franchising model during this time and the launch of a computerized reservation system, nicknamed the HILTRON. This system was later adopted by other hotels in the industry, adding to the company’s revenue stream. In 1975, 50 percent share in six major hotels was sold off with the agreement that Hilton would continue to manage the properties for a percentage of returns. This was a unique business model at the time and later became a standard practice within the industry.In the late seventies, the company finally completed the purchase of the Waldorf-Astoria land and building and in 1979, Conrad Hilton died at the age of 91. His son succeeded him as the chairman of the board. The company continued to stay afloat during years of recession by relying on revenues from casinos, leasi ng and management and franchise fees.Renewing international expansion, the company created a new subsidiary by the name of Conrad International Hotels in 1982. Hotels were opened in Australia. Turkey, Egypt, Hong Kong, Uruguay and New Zealand in the decade that followed.In a change of management, Barron Hilton handed over the reins to Stephen F. Bollenbach in 1996. Bollenbach was the first non-Hilton to lead the company. He took some bold steps to revitalize the company and among these was the decisions to spin-off the gaming side of the business. In 1998, this arm of the chain became Park Plaza Entertainment Corporation after growing this business substantially. This concern is now called Caesar’s Entertainment Inc. A year later, he drove an acquisition of the $3.7 billion Promus Hotel Corporation, adding further brand names to the company’s portfolio. These included, Doubletree, Embassy Suites, Hampton Inn, Homewood Suites and Harrison Conference Centers.During his tenure, he also reunified the divided Hilton concerns by purchasing a stake in the British owner Ladbroke. The two companies agreed to work together to develop new hotels as well as joint plans for marketing and honoring frequent stay plans for each other.In 2007, the company agreed to a buy-out from Blackstone Group. The transaction meant that the new owner had to deal with a $20 million debt in an economic downturn. This debt was restructured in 2010 with Blackstone investing further equity into the company. In 2013, the company filed for a $1.25 billion IPO.BUSINESS MODELBusiness segments its Products and ServicesThe company, through expansion and acquisitions over the years, caters to a large number of business segments and consumer types. Some of their segments include:LuxuryHotels under this segment are the luxury flagship brands of the hotel chain. These high end hotels cater to clients looking for the highest standards of luxury and service. The two hotel chains in this area include:W aldorf Astoria Hotels and Resorts The Waldorf Astoria Collection of luxury hotels were created after the original Waldorf Astoria in New York City. Other Hilton hotels often have the Waldorf name attached to them but are not necessarily part of the flagship brand. The hotels have presence in the US, China, the UK, Saudi Arabia, Italy, France, Germany, Israel, the Netherlands and Panama, with further development underway in China, UAE, Indonesia and Canada.Conrad Hotels Resorts These hotels began as the international arm of the American Hilton Company. Later, they were retained as a Luxury brand. Currently, they operate worldwide with presence in North and South America, Australia, Asia Pacific, Europe, Middle East and Africa.Full serviceFull service hotels cater to business and leisure travel and locations are often in major city centers, near convention centers as well as at major vacation destinations globally. This segment includes the following brands:Hilton Hotels ResortsThes e hotels are among the flagship brands of the company and one of the biggest and most recognizable hotels around the world. They are owned or managed by Hilton Worldwide or franchised to independent operators. The company has an extensive guest loyalty program with partnerships that range from airlines to car rental companies. These programs are applicable in all Hilton Worldwide hotels.DoubleTree by HiltonMost DoubleTree hotels are franchised though some are managed by the company itself. These hotels came under the Hilton Umbrella after the purchase of the Promus Hotel Company.Embassy SuitesThese are upscale hotels under the Hilton brand name. By 2011, there were 200 in the US with 8 operational internationally. Competitors include Cambria Suites and SpringHill Suites by Marriott.Curio A Collection by HiltonThese are unique hotels, different in every area they operate in. They aim to maintain the history and character of the city that they operate in. Select serviceThese are mid- prized full service hotels that cater to both business and leisure travelersHilton Garden InnThese hotels include basic amenities such as an onsite restaurant and a Pavilion Pantry that serves as a 24 hour convenience store. Most hotels will feature a pool and a fitness center along with high speed wifi access and a business center. Breakfast is usually not complimentary but bed and breakfast packages may be available.Hampton InnThese are limited service hotels and cater to more budget oriented business and leisure travelers. There are no restaurants onsite pr bell and concierge services. The chain had 1800 hotels by 2011 with a majority within the US. Some international locations include Canada, Costa Rica, Ecuafor, Mexico and the UK.Hampton Inn SuitesThese hotels offer the same service as the Hampton Inn with the addition of suites.  These are mid-prized full service hotels that cater to both business and leisure travelers.Extended stay suitesAs the name suggests, these hotels ar e for extended stays.Homewood Suites by HiltonThis chain had 310 hotels in 2012 with more under development. Most are managed by franchisees. These are upscale hotels are compete with Staybridge Suites and Residence Inn by Marriott.Home2 Suites by HiltonHomewood Suites by HiltonThese are a mid-range chain of hotels that offer a more adorable price tag for both business and leisure travelers. All hotels in this range are franchised.TimeshareIn this category of hotels, people will jointly own resort villas. These people are members and can use these facilities for limited periods of time the brand name for this segment is:Hilton Grand VacationsFranchisingOver the years, Hilton Worldwide has made a shift from a traditional hotel company to more of a consultant. This shift in business model was driven aggressively by the new owner, Blackstone Inc. Out of 4,080 Hilton properties, less than 4 percent are directly owned or leased by the company itself. Instead, the company will merely mana ge it for a share of the profits or it is completely operated by a franchisee.This model takes away real estate fluctuation concerns from the Hilton management. Problems such as property values and capital investment into building development and maintenance are no longer a concern. And keep the business growing despite global economic downturns. Instead, the focus is on developing the brand, the customer service and working on occupancy. Franchise fees keep up the revenue and consultant privileges ensure that a keen eye can be kept on compliance to hotel standards. Hilton retains control of most of its flagship properties, airport properties, and largest resorts.The downside of this arrangement is that during good times for business, the company will make less than the franchisee. This is not a major concern for the company at the moment. This model is popular among the hotel industry.CompetitorsThe company competes globally with major industry players such as  Marriott, Hyatt, Sta rwood Hotels and Resorts, ACCOR group, Choice Hotels, and Intercontinental Hotels. Key criteria for competition among these companies include locations, quality of rooms and services and global operations and presence. A 2006 comparison of major players shows how Hilton ranks among competitors.Comparison to CompetitorsHilton Hotels Marriott InternationalStarwood HotelsNumber of Hotels2,9352,832871Number of Rooms (Thousands)501514266Geographical Presence (Countries)7868100Occupancy (Percent)72.574.471.2Average Daily Rate (USD)115.4154.0191.6RevPAR (USD)82.5114.6136.3USPThough all top tier hotel chains aim to offer similar service as competitors, Hilton manages to deliver on service standardization, integrated IT systems and a keen focus on customer satisfaction. Apart from this, the company is not afraid to question itself. A few years ago, the company launched a global research program to support a brand reinvention activity. This helps the company stay relevant.Conrad Hilton Biogra phy

Pros And Cons Of Energy Drinks - 959 Words

For several years, there has been a constant battle between whether energy drinks are beneficial or harmful to our health. A common positive claim on the subject is the increase in energy to make it through the day. Adversely, it is said these drinks are too high in sugar and cause health issues. While there may be temporary benefits in consuming energy drinks, I feel the cons over rule. Live Strong, a trendy health site, recently posted an article on the advantages of drinking energy drinks. The focus on the claims revolve around athletes. Athletes benefit from carbs to produce energy and endurance and the drinks have plenty of them. Caffeine is another energy booster in the drinks and Live Strong sources the recommended caffeine†¦show more content†¦Howard references multiple individuals regarding the topic and there was not much positive feedback. Along with the general caffeine dose, other additives, such as guarana, increase the caffeine amount as well. Howard mentions how guarana is listed in the NCAA’s 2016-17 banned drugs list. While it is stated some ingredients have the potential to positively affect our bodies, there is not proven facts. We do not know how all the ingredients interact with each other to know if the drinks are harmful or beneficial. For example, those who are not consuming large amounts of caffeine daily may react poorly to drinking an energy drink. It also states that not only are energy drinks known to increase stress, heart rate, and blood pressure, but it has been shown to thicken the blood. In some cases, people go into cardiac arrest but have no further explanation other than high percentages of caffeine and taurine. Not only does Howard explain how energy drinks affect our body, she goes into how they affect our brain. Caffeine doses of 200 milligrams or more can be linked to caffeine intoxication. This can include increase stress, gastrointestinal irritation, and restlessness. Studies show that the more energy drinks you consume, the more likely you will get less hours of sleep. With theShow MoreRelatedPros And Cons Of Energy Drinks1177 Words   |  5 PagesAs the selling of energy drinks begin to accelerate quickly over the years there has been the pros and cons of these kinds of beverages. Researchers have been finding evidence where adolescents have stated the hazards and benefits of these common drinks. In the early 2000s the percentages of consumptions of energy drinks from young children including early adults have rapidly been increasing over the years. The evidence that the Pediatrics is stating is proven and have reported that in 2003 an averageRead MoreFactors Influencing The Positioning Of Crescent712 Words   |  3 Pagessegmentation is based on demographic and psychographic. In the market research, it is clear to see that the largest group of energy-drink consumers were males between ages 18 and 34, and Roughly half of men drank sports drinks, while only a third of women. Choosing a sports drink or an energy drink is inextricably linked to the age and sex of the customers.in addition, the sale of energy drinks with lower levels of caffeine and purer ingredients were rising due to consumer demand for healthier food and beverageRead MoreCoca-Cola Brazil - Tubainas War Essays1343 Words   |  6 Pages1. Briefly summarize the major characteristics of the Brazilian soft drink market. †¢ There were more than 3500 brands of soft drink in Brazil, manufactured in more than 700 plants in 2004. From 1986 to 2003 nonalcoholic drink consumption lead to 11.6 billion liters with average year to year growth of 13.92%. †¢ Post economic stabilization in Brazil, per capita consumption of soft drinks shot up 60% from 1994 to 1999. †¢ According to Brazilian Market Research Association classification of five socialRead MoreCrescent Case Essay959 Words   |  4 Pagesis not a healthy alternative for energy drinks. Most of these drinks are full of high fructose corn syrup and loaded with extreme amounts of caffeine. Crescent give the consumers a healthy alternative to this option. The trend these days is towards more organic and healthier choices. Crescent is just that. It gives the option for a healthy version of an energy drink which is much needed. The Energy Drink market is growing at a much faster rate than the sport drink market as well as the fitting intoRead MoreDr Pepper Snapple Case1412 Words   |  6 Pageslengthy discussion on the energy beverage market in the United States. As a brand manager for Snapple beverages at the Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc., he was charged with assessing whether or not a profitable market opportunity existed for a new energy beverage brand to be produced, marketed, an d distributed by the company in 2008. Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. was the only major domestic nonalcoholic beverage company in the United States without a significant branded energy drink of its own. The decisionRead MoreStrategic Marketing 3 March With Solution 2 3 4 5 1860 Words   |  8 PagesCrescent is PDB’s first entry in the US sport and/or energy beverage market, what must PDB do in regard to Crescent’s pending launch? 3 2. What factors should influence the positioning of Crescent? (textbook chapter 7-8-9) 9 2.1 Crescent pure as Sports Drink 9 3. How is the market segmented? At what segment should Crescent be targeted? Fout! Bladwijzer niet gedefinieerd. 4. 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Due to not being presented the pros of drinking c offee every day, I never understood why people drank it in the first place. As I aged, I became aware of these pros, but I didn’t know if the pros and cons I was told about were true for everyone. I also wasn’t certain if I knew of all the possible pros and cons, simply because I never drank coffee before. To erase thisRead MoreThe Gatorade Sports Drink Company1701 Words   |  7 Pages The Gatorade sports drink was founded in 1965 by a group of university physicians at University of Florida after an assistant coached asked the why his football players were so affected by the heat. This lead to the discovery and invention of a carbohydrate and electrolyte drink to help replenish and refuel the nutrients lost through sweat and exercise. The University of Florida’s mascot is the Gator, which is how they came up with the name Gatorade. PepsiCo acquired Gatorade in 2001. Gatorade alsoRead MoreThe Leeds Livery Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesincome with minimum risk? Porters Five Forces Analysis 1. Buyer Power Who? Individuals and businesses Low switching cost for customers Customers are attracted by low price with high quality standards high 2. Supplier Power Who? Labour, food and drink providers Low cost of switching suppliers 3. Substitutes High number of substitutes such as restaurants, hotels, motels, bars Substitute products entry is high Maintain customer satisfaction and comfort creates low room for substitutes There isn’t

The Effects Of Totalitarian Government In George Orwells...

Imagine a world where no one could live without fear. Given the thought of this, one might presume that the society is dangerous and is repleted with criminal activity. However, the reality is that the government is mentally holding their citizens captive by imprisoning them into a world that dissuades one from acting on impulse. Everywhere where interactions occur between citizens lay technology that monitors everyone s actions which prevent many from expressing themselves. Even one’s children are taught to rebel against their parent’s if any â€Å"incriminating† action occurs. Essentially, people are trapped in a world where privacy doesn’t exist which forces many to be loyal to their government. While this scenario might be absurd and†¦show more content†¦Such principles that resonate with many of the citizens include the fact that Goldstein is an enemy of Big Brother, their leader. Therefore, The Party naturally engages their citizens into an activity that directs hate towards Goldstein in which, â€Å"the face of Emmanuel Goldstein, the Enemy of the People, has flashed onto the screen† (11) which then prompts a public backlash against him. This scenario in which propaganda is used to alter the public’s mindset is also frequently seen in North Korea’s government. The government along with North Korea’s leader aim to â€Å"create an image of god like proportions about themselves by controlling the information that their citizens have about them, and using their own selected media to sway the people’s thoughts and opinions† (Martinez). In order to fulfill these requirements, North Korea has a history of brainwashing their citizens by providing them false information. These tactics include dealing with many negative situations that involve their government. One prominent move to control the public occurs during the Korean War. Kim II-sung who started the war â€Å"describes the war to his allies and the North Korean people as a victorious defense of DPRK against the ‘American aggressors’† (Martinez). By purposely blaming the war on other countries, Kim II-sung is able to gain more recognition and loyalty from his citizens, since he greatly â€Å"defended† his country against them. ThisShow MoreRelatedTotalitarianism in Orwells Mind Essay1053 Words   |  5 PagesIngsoc are embodiments of everything that author George Orwell hates in government. 1984, a book written by Orwell, depicts a society called Oceania, in which unwary citizens are obedient to the Party, a totalitarian regime. Totalitarianism is defined as a political system in which a centralized government does not tolerate any form of political dissent and seeks to control many, if not all, aspects of public and private life. Another one of George Orwell’s books, Animal Farm, is an allegory about theRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Dystopia 881 Words   |  4 Pagesname being â€Å"1984† by George Orwell. â€Å"Big brother is always watching,† the language the author utilizes drops subtle hints from time to time about what could possibly happen in the real world in near future. 1984 still remains one of the most intense and powerful warning signals about the peril of total government control. The time period 1984 was inspired in is crucial to its plot. It was inspired around World War 2. Because of the rise of totalitarian dictators, AdolfRead MoreA Society Based On Hate911 Words   |  4 PagesSociety Based On Hate Confucius once explain that, An Oppressive government is to be feared more than a tiger. Ideally, a political system that has been formed on hatred and torment is a system that will be feared enough to be followed, but not forever. 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The man behind the classics Animal Farm and 1984 was named Eric Arthur Blair and was born to a middle class family living in Bengal in 1903. Eric Blair got his first taste of class prejudice at a young age when his mother forced him to abandon his playmates, which were plumbers children (Crick 9). He could then play only with the other children in the family, all of whom were at least five years older or youngerRead More George Orwells Symbolism and Derivation for Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984)905 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwells Symbolism and Derivation for 1984 George Orwells 1984 had a profound effect upon the way people thought during the mid 20th century. The book signified Orwells most complex novel which told the story of Arthur Koestler and the countless others who suffered because of the totalitarian governments in Eastern Europe (Meyers 114). When 1984 was published in 1949, the Cold War had just begun. The novels ending was pessimistic and thus seemed as an attack on communism. TheRead More Orwell’s Totalitarian Government in 1984 Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesGeorge Orwell’s key objective throughout his novel, 1984, was to convey to his readers the imminent threat of the severe danger that totalitarianism could mean for the world. Orwell takes great measures to display the horrifying effects that come along with complete and dominant control that actually comes along with totalitarian government. In Orwell’s novel, personal liberties and individual freedoms that are protected and granted to many Ameri cans today, are taken away and ripped from the citizen’sRead MoreFrancess Kargbo. Mr. Bond-Theriault. 2Nd Period. 22 March1623 Words   |  7 PagesMarch 2017 1984 By: George Orwell From a new historicism , and psychoanalytic criticism view. â€Å"Big Brother is Watching You† As the future nears, most of humanity is starting to realize that â€Å"2+2=5†(. There is manipulation that occurs constructed by the government to control every aspect of reality, technology taking human jobs, those who control the present write history, social hierarchy, and wars that have no purpose. 1984 by Eric Arthur Blair is known by his pen name, George Orwell may notRead MoreGeorge Orwells 19841168 Words   |  5 PagesGeorge Orwell author of 1984 recently made it on Amazon’s list of â€Å"100 books to read before you die† for his widely read novel with thought provoking subjects like: the dangers of totalitarianism, physical control, psychological manipulation, manipulation of information and history, and technology. Through the themes in 1984, George Orwell demonstrates that a dystopian society created by totalitarian rule can infiltrate the minds of its citizens through various mediums. The famous novel falls intoRead MoreGeorge Orwell s The Novel Expressing The Idea Of A Government Changing The Past1655 Words   |  7 Pages(37). This warning alarm of a totalitarian government intensifies throughout George Orwell’s novel expressing the idea of a government changing the past. In the novel 1984, the main character, Winston Smith lives in a world where the people of the society are restricted from free thinking. With no freedom or privacy, Winston tries to stand against the government’s ruthless control with the help of his lover, Julia. Winston’s struggle against the Party, explains Orwell’s indication of having an overly

Presidential Cabinent notes Free Essays

To form a more perfect union. Purpose two; to establish government Purpose 3: to insure domestic tranquility. A primary function of government is to maintain order and peace within a country. We will write a custom essay sample on Presidential Cabinent notes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Purpose 4: To provide for the common defense. Purpose 5: to [remote the general welfare. The services mad protections that our government provides. Like health care, protection of environment. Etc.. Purpose 6: To secure the blessings of liberty, â€Å"you can only be free if I am free† Body: Article I † The legislative Branch Article al- The executive Branch Article Ill- The judicial branch Article IV – Interstate Relations (States of the Union) Article V – The amending Power, how the constitution can be changed. Article VI – The supremacy Act Clearly states that the federal gob Is supreme over state. Article VII – discusses the manner In which the states will adopt the constitution Part One: The Storm â€Å"The Storm: Chaos and Tragedy†: Answer the following questions as you view the PBS video excerpt â€Å"Chaos and Tragedy. † 1. According to Frontline, what problems were caused by the following groups: o The Local and state officials? O The U. S. Military? FEM..? O The Government? The main problem was that all waited too long and it caused more deaths and losses in people. 2. Why was the Louisiana National Guard unable to help? They waited too long and got trapped in headquarters. 3. Why were rescue efforts hampered in the first 24 hours? All the headquarters were underwater and the rescue efforts were trying to fix themselves. 4. What were the Mayor’s responsibilities prior to the hurricane? To stock the shelters with food and water. Also he was responsible for having buses for transport. 5. Where were state and local officials during the aftermath of Strain? Why was this a problem? They were on the ground . It was a problem because they became very overwhelmed. 6. What were the critics pointing out as trouble with the governor of Louisiana? She was unprepared and was given vague requests to the government 7. According to then-FEM.. Director Michael Brown, when does FEM.. Take over for state and local governments? FEM.. Takes over state officials against FEM..? The main complaints were that FEM.. Had no sense of urgency and barely sent out help, but FEM.. Claimed they didn’t get any necessary help calls† 9. How many days did it take for the government, under President George W. Bush, to acknowledge they were late and inadequate in its response? It took the government 5 days. â€Å"The Storm: What Went Wrong in New Orleans†: 10. After reading the interview excerpts from the federal, state, and local officials, what do you feel went wrong in New Orleans? The main thing that I think went wrong was communication. In life they teach you that communication is key and unfortunately the officials were Just not being communicative and many officials were eyeing passive of the entire situation and no one took it seriously until it was too late. Review Questions: Evaluate and discuss the challenges for each level of government. Which level 11. Faced the greatest challenges? The challenges faced were helping the civilians, all of the levels of government had that problem, But the level which had it worse was the local and state officials because they had to deal with the crisis first when it was more chaotic and they were unprepared. 12. What lessons do you think were learned as a result of Hurricane Strain? I think as a nation we learned that we must have emergency plans and take every natural disaster seriously to save as many lives as possible. 3. After reviewing the problems caused, what type of assistance should the citizens of New Orleans have expected from the federal government? They should of expected imminent care with supplies and service. 14. In what ways do you think this storm has changed the city of New Orleans? Make sure to explain social and economic impacts. The way the city of New Orleans has changes is tha t the entire community has become one economic and social system. A bunch of individuals became a whole piece. 15. How has the aftermath of Hurricane Strain affected national politics? It affect national politics by the people second guessing the representatives they chose. 16. How can students help the citizens of New Orleans recover? They could donate money and help out their community. 17. What do you think is the most difficult part about being a victim of a natural disaster? The hardest thing in your life would be avoiding any situation like the natural disaster again. Part Two: Is Your Community Prepared? Go to wry. FEM†¦ V and click on one of the disasters that may occur in your community. After learning about this disaster, answer the questions below. 18. What type of disaster did you choose? Flash Flood 19. What preparations does FEM.. Recommend to avoid loss in this type of disaster? Avoid Roads and get to high ground. 20. What steps can you take to better prepare your home and family for this type of disaster? Give examples. Stay focused on the weather and if a flash flood warning was given in an area get off the roads and make sure loved ones don’t travel. Your Own Interviews Using the space provided in the Work File for this activity, write up your interview as if you were presenting it for use on the PBS Frontline web site â€Å"The Storm. † Be sure to include the person’s full name, Job title or relationship to you, and contact information in your write up. If you are unsure of how to write up your interview, rich text format (. RTF). Place your interview write up here: Option 2: Interview a friend or family member who has experienced a natural disaster. Before conducting your interview, please view the slide presentation of Guide to Conducting an Interview for helpful tips and guidelines. Consider the following questions for your interview and include at least two additional questions of your own: o What type of disaster did you experience? O When and where did this disaster occur? O What did you do to prepare for the disaster? O What steps did you take during the disaster to protect yourself or your home? O What was the experience like after the disaster? O What did you learn from this experience? O What could you have done make your experience better? O How could you have improved your preparation? – â€Å"The disaster I experienced was a tornado. It was April of 2003 in Oklahoma. How to cite Presidential Cabinent notes, Papers

Me and the Meatball Sub Container free essay sample

A few days after my sophomore year ended, I showed up for my first day of my first summer job at the snack stand at my local wave pool. The day was extremely hot and we were swamped. Experienced crewmembers tried to teach me a few tasks to do, but the sweltering heat and immense crowds made it difficult to learn more than the basics. In a panic, they stuck me on dish duty for most of the day. The summer continued on, L became settled in at the job, and made many friends who showed me the ropes. Yet, after working there that summer and the next, dishes were my forte, this time by choice. To my coworkers, dishes were a major pain and one of the worst jobs. I, on the other hand, enjoyed doing dishes, especially the ones that were a challenge. My favorite was the meatball sandwich bowl. We will write a custom essay sample on Me and the Meatball Sub Container or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For one of our specials, we offered a three-meatball sub topped with mozzarella cheese for the low price of $5.50.The meatballs were cooked in a large black pot each morning and topped with creamy Ragu spaghetti sauce. The pan was set out on a warming table and the sauce bubbled in the summer heat. On especially hot days, the sauce dried and caked to the sides, forming a half-inch interior layer that required much more than a quick scrub to clean. Each night, after we sold our last meatball sub for the day, I carried the large meatball bowl over to the sink and began my choice task. After soaking the container in hot water, I began to scrub as hard as I could to get all the waste off. Many days, the hardened Ragu refused to budge off the bowl and I would have to use multiple sponges, a plethora of soap, and so much water that, by the time I was done, my shirt was soaked. I washed harder and harder until the bowl finally returned from red to the original black and every last speck o f sauce had been removed. I saw it as a game- the bowl against me. I never let the marinara win.The satisfaction I felt was my prize. I try to approach all tasks with the same dedication and completeness that I do the meatball bowl. I believe in working hard to complete my goals, and I apply this kind of work ethic not just to my summer job, but also to my schoolwork, my sports, my blog, and other activities. While this dedication has brought me awards and external recognition, it has, more importantly, given me an internal sense of accomplishment within myself. Whenever I finish a project, or finish scrubbing the meatball bowl for the day, I smile and sigh, for hard work leaves me feeling incredible. With this kind of attitude, I have the capability to achieve great things. Life has its fair share of challenges, no matter how big or small, but if you give me the tools, like the sink and some dish soap, do not expect anything less than success. A college education is my tool, and I intend to use it to the fullest possible extent. This time, the prize will not only be internal satisfaction, but knowledge, personal growth, as well as a range of jobs and countless opportunities too. From there, I know anything is possible.

Sociological Impacts of the Hurricane Essay

Sociological Impacts of the Hurricane Essay Social Dimensions of Disaster Essay Example Social Dimensions of Disaster Essay Example Hurricanes are very intense storms, which are created over water, especially in oceans, and then shift towards the neighboring land. They are categorized into five types according to their wind damage potential, central pressure and the velocity of the wind. Category 5, 4, and 3 are major hurricanes considering the scale since they have high wind speeds that cause great destructions. Category 1 and 2 are not as destructive as other major storms but can still result into the demolition of properties and wounds to individuals. These types of natural disasters have an effect on inland and coastal regions. However, the latter are the most affected ones because they are closer to the oceans than the mainland areas. The primary hazards associated with hurricanes include storm surges, rip currents, cyclones, inland flooding, severe rainfalls, as well as high winds. Due to the destructive effects of hurricanes, countries should have programs for preparing their citizens for a potential occur rence of such disasters. This paper evaluates how a community that lives in the coastal region should react to a storm warning. It will further discuss the recovery process after the storm has hit the area. As an Emergency Management Director in the region, it is important to offer the community 24, 48, and 72-hour plans during the emergency. Moreover, it is necessary to provide possible evacuation approaches before the disaster. Finally, the paper highlights sociological and psychological aspects just before, amid, as well as after the catastrophe. Early Preparation The coastal community must prepare for a possible occurrence of a hurricane in the region within 72 hours. The tragedy may cause the interruption of services like gas, transportation, communications, and power, injuries and deaths of animals and people, and the demolition of buildings (Hamilton, 2012). Animal and human injuries are mainly brought about by collapsing buildings or structures from flooding, storm surge, and high winds. Therefore, preparation is significant to reduce the number of deaths, injuries, and destructions. A preparation plan should be elaborated and divided into three phases of 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours before the hurricane hits the coastal region. Besides, the process entails evacuation arrangements to evade the disaster. Preparation Within 72 Hours 72 hours before the hurricane, most of the conditions are not known certainty except a hurricane alert. This phase may require the senior management in the Emergency Management Department to assess the existing and the predicted hurricane path. They should also ensure that all response preparation measures are set in motion, including the last arrangements. The team should continue highlighting general methods and the readiness of the whole community. All hurricane preparation plans and emergency strategies are laid down. The team may start examining the weather from different media sources from time to time. Moreover, the department needs to ensure that all households in the community have enough supplies of water, food and fuel to use during the disaster period. Since most people in the region will not be working during this time, an adequate food supply is necessary. At this point, the department can discuss plans to clear the ground from all debris, dead limbs, loose materials, a nd equipment and uproot all weak trees together with the local population (Nardo, 2009). These activities are imperative since such materials may result into injuries during the hurricane. Households have to make sure that they have the latest phone numbers for receiving fuel, water, food emergency generator suppliers, and any other support responses. During the 72-hour duration, support responses may be needed any time since the community will be mostly indoors. Other plans during the 72-hour phase include providing community hospitals with adequate oxygen as well as fuel supplies. Injuries are common during catastrophes, and hospitals should be fully prepared to handle high numbers of casualties to prevent possible deaths. The hospital staff must be equipped with necessary tools and equipment to undertake their duties appropriately. All hospital phones should be working in case of any emergencies affecting the coastal community. Furthermore, the latter ought to ensure their family readiness. Structures and homes will be blocked by sandbags filled and put suitably (Schaefer-Jones, 2007). Lastly, the emergency department must be fully equipped, and the IT staff should guarantee that all Command Center phones are working. Briefings need to be held on a regular basis to discuss the changing weather conditions and evacuation plans. Preparation Within 48 Hours The second phase of the preparation process is the 48-hour plan before the hurricane. The latter is just two days before it hits the area, and the community is to make the final preparations. The hurricane poses a considerable threat to the area, and the catastrophe path remains unpredictable. The emergency team should be holding meetings to assess new weather conditions to brief the community if necessary. Some of the team members can disperse in different parts of the region to help the community in securing their buildings from the hurricane (Schaefer-Jones, 2007). The activities of protecting homes may involve giving them sandbags to to prevent heavy flooding waters. Besides, house items are supposed to be moved to one section of the house. Food and water supplies should also be kept in a safe place in a house, where every member of the family can access them prior to the disaster. Furthermore, all drainage systems around homes should be clear to ease the flow of water to avert flooding. Poor drainage contributes a lot to flooding being dangerous as it carries debris and may drown people or animals. Clearing the drains involves unblocking any blocked systems and collecting all items around the houses. There are circumstances that will require people to shield themselves from strong winds caused by the tornado. Therefore, families ought to start recognizing protective spots around their homes. Such locations may include small rooms that do not have windows like a closet or a bathroom located on the lowly sides of houses. Every member of the family should practice taking cover in a shielding location rapidly. Institutions like schools need to be closed for all students to be able to join their families before the storm. Hospitals can discharge all patients who are not severely ill and can recuperate at homes. This strategy aims to create more space in the local hospitals in anticipation of possible casualties. The hospital management will divide the hospital staff into groups for proper coordination during the disaster. Each group expected to be on duty during the catastrophe will be informed to go to work as soon as the emergency management department in the area gives a warning. They will then be discharged from obligations 24 hours preceding the disaster to deal with individual needs and come back to their separate organizations before the typhoon hits the region (Schaefer-Jones, 2007). Additionally, the emergency team in the area will start releasing weather alerts to the community as soon as it receives them from meteorologists. Evacuation strategies should start 48 hours before the hurricane strikes. The authorities and emergency management teams should purpose to evacuate as many residents as possible from dangerous locations (Stein, Dueà ±as-Osorio, Subramanian, 2010). Consequently, all risky areas that are located in the hurricane’s path will be identified. The general population is urged to act to their greatest advantage and willfully clear high-risk regions before a suggested evacuation. In the event if one intends to evacuate, he or she should leave ahead of schedule, as it will be prudent before the typhoon winds and hurricane surges cause road blockages. Leaving early may likewise help the people to maintain a strategic distance from massive traffic jams experienced later during an evacuation. Sitting in front of the television and listening to the radio is hence significant to get the most recent reports about the tornado. Most of the time, three phases of evacuation are carried out in areas prone to hurricanes and other catastrophes (Dixit, 2008). The first step involves moving those people who reside in parts that are the most susceptible to the results of storm water and winds. They include people on boats, in low-lying regions and islands, offshore employees, and those in need of special medical attention. This phase is mostly undertaken starting from 50 hours ahead of the hurricane. The second stage focuses on residents of risky areas like those in flood-prone parts, low-lying regions, and those living in manufactured houses such as mobile homes. In addition, all persons residing outside levee protection are considered during this stage. It starts 40 hours or less before the hurricane hits the region. The final phase of evacuation is the most serious and takes place 30 hours before the disaster. The emergency team collaborating with the local authority should stress an evacuation and restrict acce ss to risky regions. The establishment of contra-flow lanes is done at this phase to redirect traffic. The routes used during the evacuation will be secured as the hurricane nears the vulnerable area. The community people evacuating the region need to be well prepared before they leave their homes. They should pack some of their most valuable items in bags. Parents ought to gather their children, pets, livestock, and any other animals ready to move. Medical equipment, medicines, hearing aids, eyeglasses, power cords, and batteries should also be taken, as they are very vital. All relevant documents such as school and insurance certificates whether in hard or soft copies must be the first things to pack (Dixit, 2008). Moreover, items for personal needs like the first aid kit, cash, credit cards, ATMs, clothing, water, and food are to be included in the bag. Finally, there are priceless things with an emotional attachment such as mementos and pictures, which should not be left behind during the evacuation procedure. Preparation Within 24 Hours The third stage of the preparation process is a 24-hour plan before the storm in the coastal area. Before this stage, almost all persons in high-risk locations have already been evacuated. A few people remaining will be evacuated within 24 hours. Those in low-risk areas who are not evacuating will also take precautionary measures to reduce or eliminate damages and injuries. Such measures include but not limited to staying in houses, but away from any glass doors and windows. Strong winds during the hurricane lead to flying debris that may be deadly if they hit people. Unnecessary lights should be put off since the storm interferes with electricity and can be dangerous. However, using candles is discouraged as well as it can cause fires. If in darkness, one should use flashlights because they are safer. The emergency management team should ensure that all vehicles to be used during emergencies are fuelled. All local hospitals should be ready, and the staff who will be working during t he storm should go back to the hospital. Lastly, people can communicate with their friends and families to avoid overwhelming the telephone system once the hurricane hits (Schaefer-Jones, 2007). Recovery Process Another primary process that is required in the event of a disaster is assisting the community in recovering after the hurricane is over. The process of disaster recovery is a combination of different activities that take place ahead of, amid, and after the catastrophe. The disaster recovery procedure usually starts prior to the occurrence of the hurricane. This phase is known as preparedness, and the community equips itself with all necessary things to cope with the aftereffects of the hurricane during evacuation, warning, and sheltering (Hamilton, 2012). Furthermore, such activities as the removal of debris, organization of volunteers, donations and utility restoration are regular in high-risk regions. Such recovery plans before the disaster lead to a reduction of the effects of the hurricane and post-recovery procedures. Most of the time, post-calamity recovery takes place in two stages, that is, long-term and short-term. The latter comprises searches and rescue, utility restoration, debris clearance, public information and damage assessments. Long-term recuperation starts when the local community begins to repair and restore streets, extensions, homes, as well as stores. This period also entails changes and improvements, for example, fortifying construction standards, zoning assignments, changing area utilization, progressing transportation passages and considering affordable housing (Schaefer-Jones, 2007). A majority of changes and improvements occur at this stage whether they are well thought-out before the disaster or not. The long-term recovery process aims at decreasing the number of fatalities during subsequent catastrophes. Psychological and Sociological Impacts of the Hurricane From the moment a hurricane warning is issued in a particular region like the coastal area, some people will be affected sociologically and psychologically. Psychological aspects are those that affect the community emotionally. Before the hurricane hits the region, nearly everyone will be stressed due to the fear of losing one’s life or his or her property. Others may be anxious since they are not sure they will reunite with their family and friends after the storm. Panic attacks are common during this period, and it is characterized by extreme fear and psychological arousal. Furthermore, one thinks that he or she is about to die expressing hopelessness, uncertainty, and the feeling of severe environmental restriction (Fink, 2010). Different individuals will experience various symptoms such as vertigo, sweating, nausea, hyperventilation, cardiac palpitations, and bradycardia. During the actual occurrence of the disaster, psychological effects may include panic attacks. Some people may be unable to contain themselves and start running from safe locations. Such scenarios will cause injuries or even deaths since going outside the buildings is perilous. Persons may experience irregular heart rhythms, rise in blood pressure or gastrointestinal problems. Events in which people wet, particularly children, are common during a hurricane due to fear. Other people may be so distressed because of strong winds that shake the buildings that they commit a suicide (Fink, 2010). The worst psychological effects among people in risky regions occur after the disaster because some have lost their loved ones and property worth a lot. One of the most common is post-traumatic stress, which may include nightmares, evading and withdrawal reactions and physical arousal reactions. The second effect is traumatic grief, which is described as distress that a person undergoes after losing a relative or a friend in a traumatic way, such as a hurricane. Such people cannot grieve properly as they concentrate on death’s circumstances regularly. Depression is also a very common psychological impact of the hurricane that influences its survivors. Its symptoms can incorporate discouraged temperament, diminished enthusiasm for exercises, change in rest patterns or appetite, weakness, and emotions of misery and uselessness (Fink, 2010). Undesirable changes, delayed pain, and misfortune are clearly identified with the buildup of post-catastrophe dissatisfaction. Some young people and grown-ups may encounter self-destructive contemplations, which is a noteworthy issue that ought to be considered important to avert a self-hurting conduct. Someone who is undergoing such symptoms is advised to seek medical and counseling help promptly. Physical effects such as headaches may also be experienced even without physical harm (Fink, 2010). The impact of social factors before a tragedy hits a region is inevitable since social ties will be broken. For instance, family members may be separated during the evacuation process, especially if they do not live in the same region. School-going children, work colleagues, and neighbors are also divided at this period (Thomas, Phillips, Lovekamp, Fothergill, 2013). Social ties are further broken during the hurricane as some people die, and others are caught up in the debris. Communicating with the loved ones during the catastrophe is almost impossible as telephone lines are overwhelmed, and one cannot leave the house. Social connections are vital because they are important components of society. The community finds it difficult to recover even after the hurricane effects have been reduced. After the storm, social relationships suffer greatly since people are scattered all over the country. Children who lose their parents or guardians are often placed in foster homes. It breaks the ties among siblings further. There are cases of people who get lost after the disaster despite the rescue efforts by the local authorities. Others cannot relate with their families and friends because of their post-disaster traumas. Institutions like churches, schools, and business organizations are also affected negatively by the events (Thomas, Phillips, Lovekamp, Fothergill, 2013). Consequently, the community ought to undertake all efforts necessary to restore the broken social ties since they will affect even the economic aspect of the country. In conclusion, hurricanes affect all aspects of a community life, whether social or economic. As a result, the preparedness of the community before the region is stricken by the disaster is essential. The preparation process should include phases of 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours. Activities undertaken by the community during this period may include an evacuation, securing buildings, and keeping food and water supplies safe. The recovery process involves procedures of helping society make progress after the catastrophe. The community can also identify useful efforts that could have reduced fatalities in the recovery process. Reconstructing homes, roads, and other social amenities occurs in this period. Finally, people are affected socially and psychologically by the events that occur during a hurricane. Since the whole community is impacted negatively, there is the need to reduce such effects.

Complete Official SAT Practice Tests, Free Links

Complete Official SAT Practice Tests, Free Links SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Official SAT tests released by the College Board are the absolute gold standard for SAT practice questions. Each official practice test contains real questions given to actual students at previous administrations of the SAT. In this article, I'll show you where to find all official SAT practice tests online. This comprehensive guide gives you access to more practice tests than any other guide out there. Most of these tests are free and great practice to get started with your SAT prep. We'll also discuss how to use these practice tests to help you get the most improvement possible out of them. A Quick Intro to SAT Practice Tests I've divided the sources of SAT practice tests into a few categories based on what version of the SAT the tests follow. There are three basic versions: SAT (2016 to present, out of 1600) Old SAT (pre-2016, out of 2400) Very old SAT (pre-2005, out of 1600) // All free tests are released publicly by the College Boardand made available for download without copyright concerns. Tests based on the current SAT are by far the best to use for SAT practice since they're exactly like the SAT. While you can still use old SAT practice tests, it's important to be aware of out-of-date question types, scoring systems, and sections. All Free SAT Practice Tests (2016 and Later, Out of 1600) These are the ONLY 10 official practice tests for the redesigned SAT, provided by the College Boarditself. These will be the absolute best tests to use when studying for the SAT. Practice Test 1:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations | Essay Practice Test 2:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations | Essay Practice Test 3:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations | Essay // Practice Test 4:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations | Essay Practice Test 5:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations |Essay Practice Test 6:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations |Essay Practice Test 7:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations |Essay Practice Test 8:Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations | Essay Practice Test 9: Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations Practice Test 10: Questions | Answers | Answer Explanations Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Free SAT Practice Tests, Old Format (Pre-2016, Out of 2400) // These tests follow the old 2400-point format of the SAT, with separate Reading, Math, and Writing sections. This test had its last administration in January 2016. Even for the current SAT, these tests are useful for your studying. However, be sure to note the major changes between the old and current SAT. Here's how you should be using these older practice tests: Know that the structure and timing are different. The SAT now has only four sections and doesn't skip around subjects like the old SAT did. Reading on the SAT is very similar to how it was on the old SAT. In these old SAT practice tests, Reading passages and questions are all useful to practice with. // Writing on the SAT tests similar grammar skills- but they're tested in a different passage-based format. You can use these old SAT tests to practice key SAT grammar rules, but know that you won't be seeing any questions based on isolated sentences anymore. Math on the SAT is similar in format, but it now emphasizes algebra and de-emphasizes geometry. Go ahead and use these old tests for math practice, but be sure to focus more on the skills that the current SAT tests. Official SAT Practice Test 2013-14: Questions | Answers Official SAT Practice Test 2012-13: Questions | Answers Official SAT Practice Test 2007-08: Questions | Answers Official SAT Practice Test 2004-05: Questions | Answers All of the other years are repeats of these tests, including 20-12, 2010-, 2009-10, 2008-09, 2006-07, and 2005-06. You might find these on other forums or websites. Don't waste time taking these tests, as they're the same tests as the four above. // Free SAT Practice Tests, Very Old Format (Pre-2005, Out of 1600) Before the redesigned SAT in 2016, the last time the SAT changed was in 2005. This was back when I took it and earned a perfect SAT score. The following links are a hidden gold mine of old tests that few students know about, so by taking these tests, you'll have that much more of an edge over current students. However, there are important caveats to know before taking these tests: Skip the analogy questions on Reading sections. These are the questions that look like "CAR : ENGINE ::." You won't see this question type on the SAT now, so don't spend any time on it. That said, the passage questions are all still very useful. // Skip the comparison questions on Math sections. These are the ones that show two boxes and ask you to choose whether A or B is greater. Since this question type isn't on the SAT anymore, there's no use practicing it. There are no Writing sections on these tests. As a result, you won't get the grammar and English practice you need to do well on the SAT's Writing and Language section. Be grateful you didn't need to do some of these old-format questions- analogies were the main reason that the SAT got a bad rap for forcing students to memorize vocab! Official SAT Test 2004-05: Questions|Answers Official SAT Test 2003-04: Questions|Answers Official SAT Test 2002: Questions + Answers // Official SAT Test 2001: Questions + Answers Disappointed with your SAT scores? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points? We've written a guide about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: 3 Additional Resources for Official SAT Practice We've given you all official SAT practice tests above, but is there anything else you can use for quality SAT practice? Each of the following resources contains more official, quality SAT practice. #1:Official SAT Website Sample Questions // On top of full-length practice tests, the College Board website offers a decent number of sample SAT questions for the Reading, Writing, Math, and Essay sections. While some of these questions appear on official practice tests, not all do. Thus, I highly recommend using this resource for extra SAT practice. In total, you'll get the following number of questions for each section: Reading: 24 questions (with two reading passages) Writing: 22 questions (with two reading passages) Math: 30 calculator-permitted questions, 18 no-calculator questions Essay: Two prompts (with 16 sample essays) #2: Khan Academy Online SAT Practice Price: Free! // The College Board has partnered with Khan Academy to offer free and official online SAT prep to test takers. Although the website doesn't offer a comprehensive prep program or any new practice tests (all of the tests here are those on the College Board website), it does offer a lot of extra, high-quality SAT practice questions not available elsewhere. Khan Academy's best feature is its tutorial videos, which teach you step by step how to solve and approach specific SAT question types, from Math questions dealing with linear functions to Writing questions focused on parallel structure. #3: The Official SAT Study Guide, Second Edition Price:Varies depending on quality ($1-$20) This official SAT prep book contains 10 old-format SAT practice tests not available online, and is helpful if you're looking for a massive source of practice material. That being said, remember that the format used here differs considerably from the current version of the SAT. Therefore, I recommend using these practice questions in isolation instead of taking the tests in full. As you go through the book, pinpoint the questions most like those on the current SAT, and then drill them for extra practice. // How to Use Official SAT Tests Effectively: 5 Key Tips There's an art to using official SAT tests effectively and getting the biggest improvement from your time investment. Here are five critical strategies to keep in mind when taking the tests: #1: Use Strict Timing on Each Section Most students have issues with time pressure on the SAT. Adding just two minutes to a section's time limit can change your score by as many as hundreds of points. So don't deceive yourself about your abilities; the point of practice tests is to identify your weaknesses. Here are the official time limits for each section as well as how much time you should (approximately) spend per question: SAT Section Time # of Questions Time per Question Reading 65 minutes 52 75 seconds Writing and Language 35 minutes 44 48 seconds Math No Calculator 25 minutes 20 75 seconds Math Calculator 55 minutes 38 87 seconds // #2: Take the Test in One Sitting The SAT is a marathon, lasting four hours on a Saturday morning. I've heard from hundreds of students how difficult it is to stay focused and avoid careless mistakes at the end of the test. Just like training for a marathon, you have to make sure you have enough endurance for the SAT- which is why it's so important to take each SAT practice test in one sitting. If there's no possible way for you to take a practice test in one go, it's OK to split it up over a few days. Ideally, you'll split up the test in such a way that you're not stopping and starting midway through any sections. In the end, it's better to do some practice than none at all. Just make sure to time yourself on each section. #3: Review Your Answers // The point of taking practice tests isn't to just do a lot of questions- it's also to learn from your mistakes. For every test, spend time reviewing the mistakes you made as well as every question you got right. If you don't know why you missed a question, don't just gloss over it! Doing this keeps you from being able to identify and attack your weaknesses. As a result, you'll end up making the same mistakes over and over again, ultimately hampering your score. In short, prize study quality over quantity. I'd rather you take three practice tests with detailed review than six practice tests with no review. #4: Take at Least 4 Practice Tests Before Test Day // I've found from experience with thousands of students that this number of tests gets you really comfortable with the SAT in all respects- timing, endurance, stress, etc. You can definitely take more tests if you want, but make sure to balance this with focused prep on your weaknesses so that you can ultimately make faster progress. #5: No Score Improvement? Find Extra Prep Support Some students can learn perfectly by themselves with practice tests- they'll see a mistake they made and instantly realize why they made that mistake and avoid it in the future. Most students, however, need additional help to pinpoint their weaknesses and teach them the key skills and strategies for doing well on the SAT. Good options for extra support include tutors, prep programs, and classes. To do well on the SAT, you'll need to determine what kind of support works best for your particular learning style (as well as your budget). Our free guide can help you figure out what kind of support is right for you. // What's Next? Want to get a super high SAT score? I scored a perfect SAT score, and I teach you what it takes to get a perfect score yourself. Here are the best study guides for SAT Reading, SAT Writing, and SAT Math, available anywhere. I guarantee you that these guides will improve your score! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points?We have the industry's leading SAT prep program. Built by Harvard grads and SAT full scorers, the program learns your strengths and weaknesses through advanced statistics, then customizes your prep program to you so you get the most effective prep possible. Check out our 5-day free trial today: //

THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN EDUCATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN EDUCATION - Essay Example Demonstrators are also rallying against the state of the war in Afghanistan, the state of the environment, and a wide array of other domestic and international issues.† (Mohsinzaheer, 2011) Similar protests to the one in New York have broken out in Washington, DC at the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum to protest the adding of the Predator Drone to the exhibits. The Predator drone is responsible for killing innocents in Iraq and Afghanistan. However, during the protest a blogger, not particularly fond of the ‘Occupy Protests’, began making some noise and in the end everyone in front of the Smithsonian Air and Space Museum during this particular protest wound up getting pepper sprayed by the police on hand. There have also been further protests as far South as Tampa, Florida and as far west as San Francisco, California. In Houston, the people protesting were fighting the big profiteering that government tries to do when raising taxes and cutting jobs lying off city workers. At one point this protest was moved, or forced to move, from its original location in front of City Hall to a nearby park which is twenty minutes from city hall. However once the festival was over, the protests returned to in front of City Hall. The protestors are just trying to show the government what they believe is best for them and not letting the government into railroading them. The protest in New York was showing the other cities across the Nation, that if you stand up for your beliefs you will be heard. People from all walks of life are joining in these protests from the rich to the poor. Everyone at these protests is just there to show their opinion to the public and hope for change to come to the way cities, states, and the U.S. is run. The protest on Wall Street wants to show, amongst other ideals, that it is not the people causing the economic downturn but the banks are the ones that have caused a Global Economic Downturn. In conclusion, the Occupy Protests

Dynamics between Human Activity and Nature during the Twentieth Essay

Dynamics between Human Activity and Nature during the Twentieth Century - Essay Example Amazon through Bezos had a goal on customer utility maximization with an aim of providing every product within the alphabet. Amazon kick started business in July 1995 trading its first book through Amazon.com, the book sold was Fluids concepts and creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanism of Thought by Douglas Hofstadter. Amazon underwent further expansion in Delaware in the year 1996. On 15th May 1997, Amazon offered its initial public offering of shares, doing business under NASDAQ stock exchange with their symbol being AMZN. The shares were traded at a price of US$ 18 per share. The firm had a unique initial business plan whereby they did not expect to acquire any gains for first four to five years. The firm has different websites for various countries around the world (Bryers, 2009). On the other hand, Border Books was initiated in 1971 under the watch of brothers Tom and Louis Borders in Ann Arbor, Michigan while they were undertaking their undergraduate a nd graduate programs at the University of Michigan. Later in 1976, a complimentary company known as Book Inventory System was formed to act as a wholesaler for Borders Books. It was also aimed at providing custom inventory system to regional independent bookstores which included: John Rollins, Thackeray’s, Schuler Books and Joseph-Beth Booksellers. In a bid to achieve expansion in the company, Robert F. Diromualdo formerly president of Hickory Farms was brought on board. The initial Borders bookshop was situated in two rooms above 209 State Street, north of the state theater. Their initial inventory mainly comprised of a combination of used books. Later on the brothers relocated to Maynard House apartment building which is in the southwest corner of William and Maynard Streets. They later on purchased out the inventory an 80 year old bookstore known as Wahr’s which was closing down at 316 South State. Wahr’s majorly traded in text books and school supplies which was different from the brothers’ specialization. The brothers thereafter relocated the retail bookshop to former Wagner & son men’s clothing store which saw the business expand to large scale. Tom Frick was assigned to handle the old shop which had by then been renamed Charing Cross Bookshop (Thompson, 2009). In 1992, Kmart attained the ownership of Borders which by then had owned an 8 year old book chain known as Waldenbooks since 1984. Kmart merged the two companies naming it Borders-Walden Group. The merger was aimed at having the experienced senior management from Borders help salvage Waldenbooks which was flopping. However this did not work as most of the Borders senior management opted to walk out of the company. By the end of the annum Kmart renamed the company as Borders Group. Singapore became the first state where the company established an international store; this took place in the year 1997. The company went ahead to further establish other 41 internation al stores in United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand. Borders (UK) Ltd. was started in 1998 as branch of Borders Group. It grew to become one of the major booksellers in UK but was later sold out to a private investor in 2007 due to stiff competition in market. The Singapore store was declared the best performing among

Unrealistic Expectations of Women :: Media

Unrealistic Expectations of Women I can’t tell you how many times I have opened up a fashion magazine, listened to adds on the radio, watched commercials on TV, or observed the stereotyping in today’s extremely judgmental society and seen the effects that our expectations have had on people, especially young women. There are so many instances throughout the course of everyday life, that I feel expected to live vicariously through the body of a Victoria’s Secret model. I can only wonder how many others feel this way as well. I was recently leafing through the pages of the 2002 Sport’s Illustrated Swimsuit Issue, and within a matter of five minutes, I was majorly downing my body and my looks. I couldn’t help but compare my body to that of a woman who is 5’10† and weighs 105 pounds, when the average female is 5’6† and weighs 140 pounds. It’s no wonder there are so many cases of anorexia and bulimia when a model, comparable to the stick figures drawn by kindergartener's everywhere, is yet another symbol of what is considered to be beautiful. Another article that caught my eye was in an old Cosmopolitan magazine I just had lying around. It was entitled, â€Å"Five Fixes That’ll Make Him Want You.† Now, my initial reaction was one of frustration. Why is there so much pressure to make the opposite sex want you. It’s a dreaded curse that is utterly inescapable. We will always be trying to impress the opposite sex. There is always going to be something about us that isn’t quite right, or one flaw that if we could just in some way fix, we’d be perfect. Girls, let me ask you something. Do you think those models are happy? They are constantly under an enormous amount of pressure to keep the body they have, to not eat, and to be absolutely flawless.

How effectively did Philip II manage his finances? Essay

The fiscal statistics of Philip’s reign would overwhelmingly conclude that he completely failed to effectively manage his finance. His inherited debts had increased threefold during his reign, and subsequently, the Crown declared bankruptcy no less than three times. In contrast to this view, it can be argued that Philip was effective as far as he was able. His failure was not due to incompetence for certainly, he made attempts to rectify the situation, but instead due to the numerous impossibilities that surrounded the Royal Finance. Philip’s ineffective approach to handling Finance is largely summed up by saying that as ruler of the Monarquia, he was never able to match his income to his extortionate expenditure. This costly policy was due to the amount of money funding war. Travelling costs, continuous updating of armaments and wages of soldiers consumed the vast bulk of Philip’s finance. Even this failed at times, as seen by the revolt of the unpaid soldiers in the Netherlands. Philip’s empire was so extensive that he was called upon to go to war in the interests of many different nations. His wars were not all territorial, such as the defence of Italian lands, his own dynastic interests in France and England had to be defended, as did the Catholic religion against the Turks. Philip was also drawn into costly civil wars. As a result, Royal money was frequently spent all over the Monarquia, and often on places that were not raising the money. This again reflects Philips bad management of finance whereupon countries could not be relied upon to be self-sufficient or contribute to wars fought on behalf of the entire Monarquia. The result of this was that Castile bore the brunt of the effort to fund the Monarquia. This was an unreasonable burden, as Castile possessed neither the wealth, the manpower or the economic strength demanded off it. This policy of Philip further proves his ill-managed Royal finances. Such heavy taxation on one part of the Monarquia alone sent Castile into steady decline. Instead of being a successfully self-supported land, Castile began to heavily depend on outside imports, increasing the risk of further inflation, a threat that remained since its onset early in Philips reign throughout his inherited lands. Philips highly infective management is reinforced by his failure to lift out of debt despite increased revenue. Bullion from the wealthy Americas boosted the wealth of Castile, as did the revenue from the Indies. Philip also increased finance through taxation, which backfired, and through borrowing money. Philip was forced into negotiating complicated loans with moneylenders that would allow him to continue paying back old debts while receiving fresh ones. However, even this was not enough to keep Philip from greatly failing financially, and declaring bankruptcy in 1557, 1575 and finally in 1596. The 36 million Ducat debts that he inherited became à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½68 million Ducats by the end of his reign. The diabolical state of finance was not helped by the grandiose lifestyle of the King, who maintained the mentality of the ever-important prestige display. Moreover, Philip failed to be interested in Fiscal matters, and appeared to launch plans without taking the care to cost them throu gh. Philip seemed to have greatly failed to be efficient on handling Royal finances. However, another view could argue that Philip made the best of a bad situation. For example, he managed to re-stabilise finance after the bankruptcies. Philip was initially dealt a bad hand by inheriting both a great debt and an extended empire from his father. This would entail a need for further finance, and Philip was immediately faced to raise this form a minus figure. Moreover, the increased lands now labelled as Philip’s Monarquia, would involve extended foreign war involvement, and in turn, war expenditure. The need to go to war in the interests of his inherited lands was forced upon the new ruler. War came with the territory, and the territory came with the inheritance. Philip had no choice in defending both his territories and his religion so the increased expenditure that resulted in bankruptcy was arguably inevitable and out of Philips control. Moreover, it is important to remember that the first declaration of bankruptcy was a further inheritance of Philip from his father, Charles I. Philip was faced with more difficulties from the outset of his reign. Inflation was taking hold in many countries across Europe, forcing Philip to find increasing amounts of money to fund both the running of government and also war expenditure. Moreover, territories such as the Netherlands that has previously provided great income for Charles, became a drain on finances. The Netherlands then, revolted against Philip and instead of contributing to the Royal finance, Philip was forced to spend increasing amounts combating the rebels. It is also clear that Philip attempted to address the problem of unstable finances. The reorganisation of the departments of Finance was undertaken in order to increase efficiency. Philip was also effective in increasing revenue during his reign, albeit mostly in Castile. New taxes were introduced and old ones modified so that the wars of Spain could be funded. The ‘alacabala’ for instance, tripled in it yield by the end of Philips reign. Custom duties were effectively reorganised so that they were received directly by the Crown instead of the old method whereby tax farmers would retain a hefty proportion of the money collected. The ‘cruzda’ was introduced by the church to fund the wars against the Turks, and this too was effective by doubling its yield. Another new tax was effectively introduced to tax church property, furthering Philips income. The ‘subsido’ an existing tax was equally successful in increasing its revenue. Evidence of Philips effective policies involving finance are reflected in the decrease of household expenditure during his reign. This shows that Philip has recognised the responsibility he had to improve the state of Royal finance. This could be considered impressive due to the mentality that Philip, and other Kings of this period, were fixed in. This was the age in which religion and national prestige far outweighed the necessity to deal with Finance. It can convincingly be argued then, that Philip was a highly overworked King who made the best of a bad situation. He attempted, with limited personal time and resources, to manage the situation, and did so with reasonable success. Certainly he was effective in the matters which he did change, such as taxation. It can be said that financial failure was inevitable and that is was impossible for Philip to effectively succeed in regaining control of royal finance. I support this view as a far more realistic and pragmatic one than the opposing view which argues that Philip failed to deal with the underlying problems of Royal Finance. Instead he ignored opportunities to effectively reform finance so that bankruptcy was caused several times, indicated ultimately his failure to manage finance.